ह्यूरिस्टिक विधि एवं पर्यवेक्षित अध्ययन विधि | Heuristics Method and Supervised Study Method |

#Psychology #REET #CTET हूयूरिस्टिक विधि (Heuristic Method): ''हूयूरिस्टिक '' एक ग्रीक शब्द है। यह हयूरिसको से बना है। इसका अर्थ है " मैं खोज करता हूँ "। इसकी उत्पत्ति का कारण प्रसिद्ध वैज्ञानिक आर्कमिडीज है। जब उसने सोने का अपेक्षित घनत्व निकला था । उसने " यूरेका" नामक शब्द को कहा था, जिसका अर्थ होता है- "मैने पता लगा लिया" । प्रोफेसर आर्मस्ट्रांग ने इस पद्धत्ति को रसायन विज्ञान शिक्षण में प्रयोग किया । इस पद्धत्ति की विशेषता यह है की विद्यार्थी को अपने निरिक्षण तथा प्रयोग से स्वयं खोजना होता है । अध्यापक विद्यार्थी को बहुत से किर्याकलाप बताते है। फिर विद्यार्थी स्वयं प्रयोग करके निष्कर्ष निकलता है। The word ‘#Heuristic’ has been derived from the Greek word ‘#Heurisco’ which means ‘I find’ or ‘I discover’ . This method implies that the attitude of students shall be that of the discoveries and not of passive recipients of knowledge As an adjective, heuristic (pronounced hyu-RIS-tik and from the Greek “heuriskein” meaning “to discover”) pertains to the process of gaining knowledge or some desired result by intelligent guesswork rather than by following some pre-established formula. Heuristic method of teaching science was proposed by H. E. Armstrong (1888-1928) . In words of Professor Armstrong, “#HeuristicMethods of teaching are methods which involve our placing students as far as possible in the altitude of the discoverer – methods which involve their finding out instead of being merely told about things”. According to him, the real spirit of heuristic method is placing the student in the position of original investigator which means involving his ‘finding out instead of being merely told about things’. Armstrong originally introduced this method for learning of science. Through this method the pupils are made to learn . This method of teaching is of a very recent origin. First it was used in Science and its success led it to be adopted in the teaching of all subjects in the School Curriculum. In Heuristic method the student be put in the place of an independent discoverer. Thus no help or guidance is provided by the teacher in this method. In this method the teacher sets a problem for the students and then stands aside while they discover the answer. The aim of this method is to develop the scientific attitude and spirit in pupils. The spirit of enquiry prompts the pupils to learn. This method insists on truth, whose foundation is based on reason and personal experiences. As a matter of fact there is no spoon-feeding or more acceptances of facts which are given by the teacher. The object of the heuristic method is “to make pupils more exact, more truthful, observant and thoughtful to lay this solid foundation for future self-education and to encourage this growth of spirit of enquiry and research.” In this method, the teacher creates such an environment that a problem arises before the pupil. All the pupils think about the problem, observe and in the end they conclude some result. In this way, all the pupils find out truth by their own way.

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